| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Abfraction |
Loss of tooth surface at the cervical areas of teeth (near the gum line) caused by tensile and compressive forces during tooth flexure. These are wedge shaped notches involving enamel loss. They are susceptible to decay & can be extremely sensitive due to dentine exposure. May or may not require treatment depending on the extent |
Abrasion |
Abnormal loss of tooth structure due to non-masticatory friction such as using a hard toothbrush or improper brushing technique. Involved teeth may be cold or hot sensitive .Treatment involves correcting brushing technique, using a soft toothbrush and tooth colored bonding |
Abscess |
A localized accumulation of pus caused by an infection. Once tooth decay infects the pulpal tissue inside the tooth, if left untreated will cause disintegration of the tissue and accumulation of pus in the pulpal and periapical tissues causing a periapical abscess. |
Abutment |
A tooth , root or implant used for support and retention of a fixed or removable prosthesis |
Acetaminophen |
( Tylenol-trade name ) – Non-nacrotic analgesic . Used in mild to moderate pain and fever |
Acromegaly |
A hormone disorder caused by excess production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland . Characterized by enlargement of the hands, feet, jaws, spacing between teeth and deepening of the voice due to enlarged sinuses and vocal cords. Patients who wear dentures will have to frequently replace them due to the enlargement of the jaws |
Acrylic resin |
formed from acrylic acid. Used in dentistry to make denture teeth and temporary crowns |
ADA |
American Dental Association, professional organization for dentists in the United States of America |
Adhesive dentistry |
contemporary term for dental restorations that involve "bonding" of composite resin or porcelain fillings to natural teeth |
Adverse drug reaction |
Harmful, unintended reaction to a drug administrated at a normal dosage |
Aglossia |
Developmental anomaly in which a portion or all of the tongue is absent |
AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
disease caused by a retro-virus (HIV-1). Generalized lymphadenopathy, persistent fever, diarrhea and weight loss are some of the associated symptoms |
Air abrasion |
removal of tooth structure by blasting a tooth with air and abrasive, a relatively new technology that may avoid the need for anesthetic |
Alginate |
Commercial varieties of alginate are extracted from seaweed. It absorbs water very quickly and is used in dentistry for making impressions |
Allergy |
unfavorable systemic response to a foreign substance or drug |
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